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Customizing IP Services
114065 Rev. A 3-11
Enabling Equal-Cost Multipath Support
IP equal-cost multipath support is a load-balancing feature that allows IP to
distribute traffic over multiple (up to five) equal-cost paths to the same destination.
By default, multipath support is disabled on the router: for each routing protocol,
IP stores the best next hop to a destination in the routing table. If traffic arrives on
an interface, IP determines the best route to the destination and forwards all
packets out the next-hop interface.
If multipath support is enabled, IP will distribute traffic among equal-cost routes
(if such routes are available). You can use Site Manager to enable multipath
support on the router and to specify whether IP distributes packets in a
round-robin fashion or uses a distribution method based on the source and
destination address of the packets.
•Inround-robin distribution, IP forwards each packet to a different next hop
until it reaches the end of the list of available next hops; then it repeats the list.
Round robin distribution makes full use of available resources but may cause
packets to be delivered out of order.
•Inaddress-based distribution based on the source and destination address, IP
forwards all packets with a given source and destination address to the same
next hop. This method increases the chances that the packets will be delivered
in order but does not take full advantage of available resources.
• In address-based distribution based on the destination address only, IP
forwards all packets with a given destination address to the same next hop.
This method makes the forwarding algorithm compatible with RSVP when
RSVP is enabled on the router.
Both RIP and OSPF support equal-cost multipath routing. You can use Site
Manager to specify the number of equal-cost routes (up to five) that RIP and
OSPF will submit to the routing table manager. For instructions, see “Configuring
RIP for Equal-Cost Multipath Support” on page 4-8 and “Configuring OSPF for
Equal-Cost Multipath Routing” on page 5-13.
Site Manager: Multiple Next Hop Calculation Method parameter: page A-45
- Configuring IP Services 1
- Bay Networks Software License 3
- Contents 5
- 114065 Rev. A vii 7
- 114065 Rev. A ix 9
- 114065 Rev. A 10
- 114065 Rev. A xi 11
- 114065 Rev. A xiii 13
- 114065 Rev. A xv 15
- 114065 Rev. A xvii 17
- About This Guide 19
- Conventions 20
- Acronyms 21
- 114065 Rev. A xxiii 23
- Bay Networks Customer Service 24
- World Wide Web 25
- Customer Service FTP 25
- Support Source CD 26
- CompuServe 26
- InfoFACTS 27
- How to Get Help 27
- Chapter 1 29
- IP Addresses 30
- 114065 Rev. A 1-3 31
- Subnet Addressing 32
- 114065 Rev. A 1-5 33
- 1-6 114065 Rev. A 34
- Supernet Addressing 35
- Autonomous Systems 36
- Routing Protocols 36
- 114065 Rev. A 1-9 37
- Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 38
- Route Preferences 39
- Route Weights 39
- 1-12 114065 Rev. A 40
- 114065 Rev. A 1-13 41
- Figure 1-4): 42
- 114065 Rev. A 1-15 43
- 1-16 114065 Rev. A 44
- Chapter 2 47
- Starting IP Services 47
- 2-2 114065 Rev. A 48
- Starting IP 49
- Deleting IP from an Interface 50
- Customizing IP 50
- Starting RIP 51
- Customizing RIP 52
- Starting OSPF 53
- Customizing OSPF 54
- Starting BGP 55
- Deleting BGP from the Router 56
- Customizing BGP 57
- Starting EGP 58
- Starting NetBIOS over IP 59
- 114065 Rev. A 2-15 61
- 2-16 114065 Rev. A 62
- 2-18 114065 Rev. A 64
- Chapter 3 65
- 3-2 114065 Rev. A 66
- Configuring IP on the Router 67
- 3-4 114065 Rev. A 68
- 3-6 114065 Rev. A 70
- Setting the RIP Diameter 72
- 3-10 114065 Rev. A 74
- 3-12 114065 Rev. A 76
- Configuring an IP Interface 77
- 3-14 114065 Rev. A 78
- 3-16 114065 Rev. A 80
- 3-18 114065 Rev. A 82
- 3-20 114065 Rev. A 84
- 3-22 114065 Rev. A 86
- IP0012A 87
- Configuring an SMDS Address 88
- 3-26 114065 Rev. A 90
- Configuring Address Resolution 91
- 3-28 114065 Rev. A 92
- 3-30 114065 Rev. A 94
- 114065 Rev. A 3-31 95
- 3-32 114065 Rev. A 96
- Defining an Adjacent Host 97
- 3-34 114065 Rev. A 98
- Configuring IP Services 100
- 3-36 114065 Rev. A 100
- 1. Open the IP Global window 100
- 2. Click on Flag CKPT 100
- Customizing IP Services 101
- 3-38 114065 Rev. A 102
- Security Label Format 103
- Inbound IP Datagrams 105
- Forwarded IP Datagrams 106
- Originated IP Datagrams 106
- Unlabeled IP Datagrams 106
- RIPSO Example 107
- Defining a Static Route 109
- Configuring Router Discovery 110
- BFE Addressing 112
- (continued) 115
- (continued) 116
- 3-54 114065 Rev. A 118
- Chapter 4 119
- Customizing RIP Services 119
- Selecting the RIP Version 120
- Sending Triggered Updates 122
- 4-6 114065 Rev. A 124
- Listening for a Default Route 125
- 4-8 114065 Rev. A 126
- Specifying an Update Interval 127
- Specifying a Timeout Period 128
- Specifying a Holddown Period 128
- Chapter 5 131
- Customizing OSPF Services 131
- 5-2 114065 Rev. A 132
- OSPF Concepts and Terminology 133
- Neighbor Adjacencies 134
- Designated Routers 134
- OSPF Areas 135
- 5-6 114065 Rev. A 136
- OSPF Implementation Notes 137
- 5-8 114065 Rev. A 138
- Supplying an OSPF ID 139
- 5-10 114065 Rev. A 140
- Configuring Message Logging 141
- 5-12 114065 Rev. A 142
- Enabling and Disabling OSPF 144
- Configuring an Area ID 144
- Specifying the Network Type 145
- 5-16 114065 Rev. A 146
- Estimating the Transit Delay 148
- Configuring Interface Timers 149
- 5-20 114065 Rev. A 150
- 5-22 114065 Rev. A 152
- Specifying Metric Cost 153
- Specifying the MTU Size 154
- Configuring a Boundary Router 155
- 5-26 114065 Rev. A 156
- Type 1 metric 157
- 5-28 114065 Rev. A 158
- 5-30 114065 Rev. A 160
- 5-32 114065 Rev. A 162
- 114065 Rev. A 5-33 163
- 5-34 114065 Rev. A 164
- 5-36 114065 Rev. A 166
- Chapter 6 167
- Customizing BGP Services 167
- BGP Concepts and Terminology 168
- IBGP in a Transit AS 169
- 6-4 114065 Rev. A 170
- BGP Path Attributes 171
- 6-6 114065 Rev. A 172
- BGP-4 Local Preference Values 173
- BGP Implementation Notes 174
- Configuring BGP on the Router 175
- Identifying the Local AS 176
- Setting the Interval Timer 177
- Enabling Multihop Connections 178
- Configuring BGP as a Soloist 179
- 6-14 114065 Rev. A 180
- 114065 Rev. A 6-15 181
- Negotiating the BGP Version 183
- Keeping the Connection Alive 183
- 6-18 114065 Rev. A 184
- Specifying a Holddown Time 185
- Setting the Route Echo Switch 186
- Configuring Routing Policies 188
- OSPF/BGP Interaction 191
- Chapter 7 193
- Customizing EGP Services 193
- 7-2 114065 Rev. A 194
- Running RIP 194
- 7-4 114065 Rev. A 196
- EGP Implementation Notes 197
- Configuring EGP on the Router 198
- Configuring a Neighbor 198
- Specifying the Gateway Mode 199
- Selecting the Poll Mode 200
- Setting Neighbor Timers 201
- Chapter 8 203
- Customizing NetBIOS over IP 203
- 8-2 114065 Rev. A 204
- Figure 8-1. NetBIOS over IP 204
- NetBIOS in an IP Environment 205
- 8-4 114065 Rev. A 206
- 8-6 114065 Rev. A 208
- Configuring a NetBIOS Cache 209
- 8-8 114065 Rev. A 210
- Aging a Cache Entry 211
- Customizing a Cache Search 212
- 8-12 114065 Rev. A 214
- Supplying a Scope Identifier 215
- Appendix A 217
- Site Manager Parameters 217
- 218
- 221
- A-8 114065 Rev. A 224
- A-10 114065 Rev. A 226
- A-12 114065 Rev. A 228
- A-14 114065 Rev. A 230
- BGP Event Message Parameters 232
- EGP Parameters 234
- 235
- 236
- 236
- IP Parameters 238
- A-26 114065 Rev. A 242
- 243
- A-28 114065 Rev. A 244
- A-32 114065 Rev. A 248
- A-34 114065 Rev. A 250
- 253
- A-38 114065 Rev. A 254
- 255
- 256
- 257
- A-48 114065 Rev. A 264
- A-50 114065 Rev. A 266
- A-52 114065 Rev. A 268
- A-54 114065 Rev. A 270
- 271
- A-56 114065 Rev. A 272
- A-58 114065 Rev. A 274
- A-62 114065 Rev. A 278
- 280
- A-68 114065 Rev. A 284
- A-72 114065 Rev. A 288
- OSPF Parameters 289
- A-74 114065 Rev. A 290
- A-76 114065 Rev. A 292
- 293
- 295
- A-80 114065 Rev. A 296
- A-82 114065 Rev. A 298
- 299
- 302
- Area Range Parameters 304
- 305
- A-90 114065 Rev. A 306
- A-92 114065 Rev. A 308
- RIP Parameters 310
- 311
- 312
- A-98 114065 Rev. A 314
- 315
- A-100 114065 Rev. A 316
- Appendix B 317
- Routing Policies 317
- B-2 114065 Rev. A 318
- 320
- B-6 114065 Rev. A 322
- 324
- B-10 114065 Rev. A 326
- B-12 114065 Rev. A 328
- B-14 114065 Rev. A 330
- B-16 114065 Rev. A 332
- B-18 114065 Rev. A 334
- IP Announce Policy Parameters 336
- B-22 114065 Rev. A 338
- B-24 114065 Rev. A 340
- B-26 114065 Rev. A 342
- B-28 114065 Rev. A 344
- B-30 114065 Rev. A 346
- B-32 114065 Rev. A 348
- B-34 114065 Rev. A 350
- B-36 114065 Rev. A 352
- B-38 114065 Rev. A 354
- 355
- B-42 114065 Rev. A 358
- 360
- 361
- B-46 114065 Rev. A 362
- B-50 114065 Rev. A 366
- 367
- B-52 114065 Rev. A 368
- Appendix C 369
- C-2 114065 Rev. A 370
- 371
- RIP Export Filters 373
- C-6 114065 Rev. A 374
- 375
- OSPF Route Filters 376
- OSPF Export Filters 377
- C-10 114065 Rev. A 378
- BGP-3 Import Filters 381
- C-14 114065 Rev. A 382
- C-16 114065 Rev. A 384
- BGP-3 Export Filters 385
- C-18 114065 Rev. A 386
- EGP Import Filters 389
- EGP Export Filters 392
- 393
- 114065 Rev. A C-27 395
- Appendix D 397
- Route Weight Worksheet 397
- D-2 114065 Rev. A 398
- D-4 114065 Rev. A 400
- Appendix E 401
- IP/OSPF Configuration 401
- E-2 114065 Rev. A 402
- IP/OSPF Configuration 403
- E-4 114065 Rev. A 404
- E-6 114065 Rev. A 406
- 114065 Rev. A Index-1 409
- 114065 Rev. A Index-3 411
- 114065 Rev. A Index-5 413
- 114065 Rev. A Index-7 415
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